Internal-combustion engine.



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JOSEPH E, BIssELL, or PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

iNTERiAL-COMBSTION ENGINE.

`To all whom it may concern:

'Be it known that l, JOSEPH E. Bissen, residing at Pittsburgh, in the countyof Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, a citizen of the United States, have invented or discovered certain new' and useful Im-A provements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which improvement the following 1s a specification.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines, and particularly to engines wherein a portion of inert gas of onel charge is retained within the expansion cylinder and is compressed with the combustible gas of the successiver charge.

The object of my invention is lto provide an explosion chamber adapted to prevent the interniingling of the combustible Ywith the inert gas A further objectv ofmy invention is Ato provide a means for absorbingthe heat of` combustion -in the explosion 'chamber and radiating such heat to the expanding gases inv thecylinder. i

In the Aaccornipanying drawings, `which form part of my specification, and in which my invention fis illustrated, Figure 1 is a longitudinalsectional view of a gas engine, the `planefof section being taken thg'ough the axis of the driving shaft, Fig. 2 is a view, partly in section, of the engine shown in Fig. 1, the plane of view being at right angles to the axis of the driving shaft; and Fig. 3 is a view, partly in section,taken on the line IIL-HI, Fig. 1.

In the several figures IlikeY numerals are used todesignate "like parts.

The engine illustrated herein is a two cylv inder two-cycle engine having a single com- ,chamber 3 and bearings for the4 driving shaft 4. itbin each-cylinder 1 is a movable piston 5, having crank-arm connection,

- through the link 6, to the shaft 4.1 At the Specification of LettcrsPatent.

outer end of each cylinder 1s an explosion" chamber 7, 8 (hereafter` more fully xde-A scribed); and conduits or, passageways 9,

(also more fully described hereafter) afford Patented Dec. 1, 1914.. Application tiled March 2, 1912. Serial No.V 681,179.

communication betweenA the compression chamber 3 and the explosionv chamber 7:, 8.

Suitable valve-controlled air inlets 10 are secured to the casing 3,*which is also Iprovided with suitable openings for the valve-v operating vrods 11. Eachl valve rod -11 is provided with a rol'ler 12 and is yieldingly held against a cam 13, rigidly secured to the shaft 4; and ,each rod-is adapted, as'shovvn,

inlet-port valve 15, the arrangement being such that theeXhaust-port is opened'before .to operate an exhaust-port valve 14 andan.

the inlet-port, and closed after 'the` inletport. The further elements, in the construction ofthe engine illustrated herein, consist. of igniters 16 placedin the explosion 'client-- bers 7, 8, and carbureters pnssagways 9- As will beseen aystorage chaiiiber lfor 17 placed inthe the combustible gaseousrmikture maybe held at the maximum pressure-obtainable compressed gas is provided to theendthat part-of the passageways 9 by'closing a por- -A tion ofthe passageways by valves 15 and '85 The valves 18 may be held yieldingly against their seats by means of a spring 19,

and may bev opened by the pressure of the gas beneath the valves. lThe valves 15 may also be held yieldingly against their' seats. by meansof springs 20, of such strength as to resist the force of theV compressed gas in the storage chambers; and the said valves 15 may be opened by the arms .QL-connected chambers 7,=\8, and there willbe quantityl of air in thi? compression chambe 3v. 'The combustiblellmixtures being exp oded by the igniters 16, Will 'be effective to drive 80 v Preferably Ixpruthe pistons toward the shaft 4, andicause stantially atmospheric pressure.

tinued outward movements Aot' the rods 11 t its rotation. At the same time the downward stroke of the pistons will be .effective to compress the air in the chamber, diend drive the compressed air into` the storagef. chamber portions of the passage-ways 9, thecompressed air 'becoming mixed withV a quantity of combustible material as it flows past the carbureters 17. ,'Substantally at V'the same time as the pistons reach their l'owest points the exhaust-port valves 14 are opened, by means of the rod 11 bcingjmoved outwardly, and inert gas (gas of combustion) escapes until the expansion chamber spaces in the cylindersare subject to sub# become eiective, through the arm 21, to openthe valve 15 so that a quantity of the explosive mixture will enter the explosion chambers 7 8 and drive out more of the inf' ert gas. There beingnow a quantity of in-A ert gas and a quantity of `combustible gas in .eachchamber 7, 8 and the cylinder spaces above the pistons, the valves 14 and 15 are closedv and `the. pistons compress the gases foranotherfexplosion; In this operation it will be understood thatthe upward stroke of the pistonsis effective to draw air into the compression chamber 3, the quantity of airentering the said chamber being controlled by the adiustmen't of the spring in the inlet valve 10.v

One featureof my invention resides iny the-construction of the explosion chamber 7,' 8. To the end that there will be substan- Ati'a'lly no intermingling of the Ainert gas,

with the combustible charge, I construct the explosion chamber preferably of two parts, a cylindrical portion 7' and a plu ralitv of tubes 8 leading therefrom. Preferably each tube 8 will be of uniform crosssectional area throughout. and the sum of the cross-sectional areas ofthe tubes 8 will preferably' be not greater than the crosssectional area of the cylindrical portion 7. Also the preferred arrangement of the said chamber parts is such as is shown in the drawings, the cylindrical portion being centrallv disposed with relation Ato the cylinder 1. and the tubes-8 radiallyrdisposed with relation to the cylindrical portion 7.

A further feature of' my invention con sists in forming the walls of the explosion chamber of heat conducting and radiating material and in so constructing lthe walls as to absorb the heat generated in the explosion chamber, and radiate such heat to the gases as they' expand.A To suchlan'end I form the walls. preferably of-aluminum allov and in such al manner as to have a raexpand the exploded gases'v I preferably.

The con-V cover the cylinders 1 and lthe explosion bers 7, S with a heat insulator 231such as a layer of asbestos. A,

In this particular arrangement it is desirable to adiust the operation of the valves that the vcombustible mixture, when vit is let into the explosion chamber, will flow only to the outer en d of the tubes 8, it being understood that, by reason of the fact that the combustible mixture is let into the top of the chamber portion 7, substantially all the.

inertfgas will be drivenfrom the chamber 7., 8, and there will xbe substantiallyv no interminglingof the combustible with theinert'gas." f

lI claim herein as my invention: Y 1. In an internal combustion engine, the

- combination with a cylinder, a piston movable within said cylinder, and a compression chamber, of an' explosion chamber provided with an igniter and having a plurality of tubes leading fromcne end thereof..and a `-passageway affording communication be- `tween said compression chamber and the opposite end of said explosion chamber, substantially as described. y

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder, a piston movable within said cylinder,-and a compression chamber, of al1-explosion chamber provided lwith an'igniter and having a plurality of radially arranged tubes of substantially uniform l cross-sectional .areal throughout and communicating with said cylinder adincent to the Wall thereof, and apassagew'ay affording communication between said compression chamber andsaidjexplosion chamber,

`substantially as described.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the

l combinat on with a cylinder', al' piston mov `able wit lin said cylinder` vand, a compression chamber, oan explosion chamber pro- ',vided pith axl'igniter and having-aV plurality' Y of tubes' with walls of heat-conducting and radiatimgymaterial forming adjacent to the gas-expansion portion of the said cylinder 'a heat-radiating surface.,said tubes leading :from one end of the explosion chamber. and lmeans for admitting` fuel into the other end thereof, substantially as described.

i '4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a'cylinder, and a piston movable therein. of an explosion chamber centrally disposed at the oneend of said cylinder,-a' plurality lof tubes extending laterally therefrom and opening into said cyl.

inder adjacent to the periphery thereof, and

la heat radiating plate between' said explosion chamber and saidl cylinder, substanftially as described. 5. In an internal combustion engine. the

,combination with a cylinder, a piston movable within said cylinder, 'and a compression chamber, of an .igniter-provided explosion chamber communicating with 'said cylinder and having a heat transferring In testimony whereof I have hereunto set plate at the outlet thereof and adjacent to my hand.

said cylinder, and a passageway affording JOSEPH E. BISSELL. communication between said compression Witnesses: 5 and explosion chamber, substantially as de- FRANCIS J. ToMAssoN,

scribed, PAUL N. CRI'roHLow. 

